Formulation Optimization and Biological Evalution of SpinachBased Glutathione Mouth Dissolving Granules for Anti-Aging Potential

Abstract

The study explores the formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving granules (MDGs) incorporating glutathione-rich spinach extract for antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a known source of polyphenols, flavonoids, and glutathione precursors, was selected for aqueous extraction. Formulations were developed by factorial design, targeting rapid mucosal absorption and improved bioavailability. Glutathione content was quantified using UV-HPLC, and antioxidant potential was assessed through DPPH assay. Anti-aging activity was determined by hyaluronidase inhibition, while microbial and physicochemical properties were evaluated using standard pharmacopeial methods. The optimized formulation exhibited >75% antioxidant activity, 60% hyaluronidase inhibition, and >98% drug release in 1 minute, with strong bioavailability and stability over six months. The outcomes support spinach-based glutathione MDGs as an effective nutraceutical for antiaging applications, especially in geriatric and pediatric populations. This novel formulation approach offers a promising alternative to synthetic antioxidant therapies.